Glucokinase regulatory protein; Regulates glucokinase (GCK) by forming an inactive complex with this enzyme. Acts by promoting GCK recruitment to the nucleus, possibly to provide a reserve of GCK that can be quickly released in the cytoplasm after a meal. The affinity of GCKR for GCK is modulated by fructose metabolites: GCKR with bound fructose 6-phosphate has increased affinity for GCK, while GCKR with bound fructose 1-phosphate has strongly decreased affinity for GCK and does not inhibit GCK activity.

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Glucokinase regulatory protein; Regulates glucokinase (GCK) by forming an inactive complex with this enzyme. Acts by promoting GCK recruitment to the nucleus, possibly to provide a reserve of GCK that can be quickly released in the cytoplasm after a meal. The affinity of GCKR for GCK is modulated by fructose metabolites: GCKR with bound fructose 6-phosphate has increased affinity for GCK, while GCKR with bound fructose 1-phosphate has strongly decreased affinity for GCK and does not inhibit GCK activity.

Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2; Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase. Belongs to the TM6SF family.

Alanine aminotransferase 1; Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity). Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Alanine aminotransferase 1; Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity). Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Alanine aminotransferase 1; Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity). Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...]

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 7; Acyltransferase which contributes to the regulation of free arachidonic acid (AA) in the cell through the remodeling of phospholipids. Mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylinositol (1- acylglycerophosphatidylinositol or LPI) into phosphatidylinositol (1,2- diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol or PI) (LPIAT activity). Prefers arachidonoyl-CoA as the acyl donor. Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) catalyze the reacylation step of the phospholipid remodeling pathway also known as the Lands cycle. Required for cortical lamination during brain [...]

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 7; Acyltransferase which contributes to the regulation of free arachidonic acid (AA) in the cell through the remodeling of phospholipids. Mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylinositol (1- acylglycerophosphatidylinositol or LPI) into phosphatidylinositol (1,2- diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol or PI) (LPIAT activity). Prefers arachidonoyl-CoA as the acyl donor. Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) catalyze the reacylation step of the phospholipid remodeling pathway also known as the Lands cycle. Required for cortical lamination during brain [...]

Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2; Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase. Belongs to the TM6SF family.

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Glucokinase regulatory protein; Regulates glucokinase (GCK) by forming an inactive complex with this enzyme. Acts by promoting GCK recruitment to the nucleus, possibly to provide a reserve of GCK that can be quickly released in the cytoplasm after a meal. The affinity of GCKR for GCK is modulated by fructose metabolites: GCKR with bound fructose 6-phosphate has increased affinity for GCK, while GCKR with bound fructose 1-phosphate has strongly decreased affinity for GCK and does not inhibit GCK activity.

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Alanine aminotransferase 1; Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity). Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 7; Acyltransferase which contributes to the regulation of free arachidonic acid (AA) in the cell through the remodeling of phospholipids. Mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylinositol (1- acylglycerophosphatidylinositol or LPI) into phosphatidylinositol (1,2- diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol or PI) (LPIAT activity). Prefers arachidonoyl-CoA as the acyl donor. Lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) catalyze the reacylation step of the phospholipid remodeling pathway also known as the Lands cycle. Required for cortical lamination during brain [...]

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2; Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase. Belongs to the TM6SF family.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...]

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...]

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

Insulin A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3; Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA. Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase [...]

Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3').

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut ho [...]

Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2; Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase. Belongs to the TM6SF family.

Glucokinase regulatory protein; Regulates glucokinase (GCK) by forming an inactive complex with this enzyme. Acts by promoting GCK recruitment to the nucleus, possibly to provide a reserve of GCK that can be quickly released in the cytoplasm after a meal. The affinity of GCKR for GCK is modulated by fructose metabolites: GCKR with bound fructose 6-phosphate has increased affinity for GCK, while GCKR with bound fructose 1-phosphate has strongly decreased affinity for GCK and does not inhibit GCK activity.